The needs-based design of a system concept is also an important point for heat exchangers, in particular, because of transmission losses that must be kept low. What transmission area is available. What is the heat transfer loss between the plates? Heat exchangers are necessary in order to separate the system, e.g. to prevent impurities or hazardous substances from entering the system

Piping must be of a sufficient dimension to prevent losses. Minimum pressure rating of 16 bars. Optimum flexibility and clarity. Various materials for the respective application (CU,SS,PVC,PP,PE). Optimum insulation to avoid temperature fluctuations

The consumer pumps of our refrigeration systems are equipped with pressure-dependent, speed-controlled drives. This reduces the energy consumption of the pumps by up to 40%. Pumps from the L&R ECOPRO efficiency range are also speed-controlled and, in the case of the KSB pump, are equipped with SuPremE drives. The combination of synchronous reluctance motors and frequency converters allows high energy savings, especially during partial load operation.

Depending on the water quality and operating conditions, the use of special water additives is necessary to prevent deposits, corrosion, and contamination. Corrosion inhibitors are added to keep corrosion rates low. The selection takes into account the materials, water quality, and operating conditions. Combination products with a cleaning effect are often used to keep surfaces clean at the same time. Hardness stabilisers and dispersants can prevent new deposits and remove existing ones. In this case, having the appropriate filter technology is a prerequisite. The correct dosage is provided by quantity-controlled dosing pumps, depending on the level of water consumption. The use of broad-spectrum biocides is necessary to prevent system germination. Germs can attack materials, clog heat exchangers with slime, and change the water quality. Regular doses prevent this.

"Winter relief" can be used whenever the outside temperature is lower than the required process temperature. In this scenario, outside air is used for cooling. A free cooling unit used for this purpose can also be used in summer, e.g. in plastics plants, to provide additional cooling for the hydraulic circuit.

The heat generated in the cooling process can be recovered and used for indoor heating. This is often used in conjunction with hydraulic cooling in plastics plants.

Avoid harmful, short compressor running times in refrigeration machines by using a sufficiently large tank. Partition walls serve to avoid mixing temperatures. Stable temperatures due to large buffer tanks. Optimum output conditions for pumps. Flexible retrofitting of pumps and water technology

The removal of solids is important for high operational safety and proper water quality. All larger particles (200 µm) in the main stream are removed with a sieve cloth to protect plant components. Monitoring and a bypass circuit are important here. In a separate side stream, on the other hand, even the finest solids (5 µm) should be continuously removed, e.g. with a filter cartridge or a sand filter. Otherwise, this could lead to silting or the deterioration of water additives. Depending on the design, automatic cleaning of the filter by backwashing is possible.

Stainless steel strainer basket filters with bypass for cleaning during operation. Protects the system against impurities and blockages in the heat exchanger channels. Reduces deposits of biological matter.

L&R has comprehensive experience in planning cooling systems for areas at risk of explosion, in accordance with ATEX Directive 94/9/EC. In systems that conform with ATEX standards, (which L&R plans for chemical and process technology companies in particular), only appropriately certified electrical components are used. Static charges, sparks, and increased temperatures can be reliably excluded both while operating the system, and in potential fault situations.

Stainless steel strainer basket filters with bypass for cleaning during operation. Protects the system against impurities and blockages in the heat exchanger channels. Reduces deposits of biological matter. Stainless steel strainer basket filters with bypass for cleaning during operation. Protects the system against impurities and blockages in the heat exchanger channels. Reduces deposits of biological matter. Stainless steel strainer basket filters with bypass for cleaning during operation. Protects the system against impurities and blockages in the heat exchanger channels. Reduces deposits of biological matter. Stainless steel strainer basket filters with bypass for cleaning during operation. Protects the system against impurities and blockages in the heat exchanger channels. Reduces deposits of biological matter.

If the make-up water contains too much lime, or lime deposits are to be expected due to the operating conditions (high temperatures, evaporation), softening of the make-up water is necessary. Occasionally, under particularly critical conditions, complete desalination of the make-up water is necessary. For the softening of the make-up water, ion exchangers are used, which exchange the calcium and magnesium ions that form deposits for sodium ions. If the exchange capacity is exhausted, the ion exchanger is regenerated with a saline solution and becomes available again. The regeneration process is fully automatic. With softened water, lime scale deposits can no longer occur. Softened water cannot build up a natural corrosion protection due to the lack of hardness; it is then necessary to use a corrosion protection agent, depending on the material.